Graded Discussion Board
Organizational behavior (MGT502)
Dear Students,
This is to inform that Graded Discussion Board (GDB) No. 01 will be opened on May 29, 2015 for discussion and last date for posting your discussion will be June 02, 2015.
Topic/Area for Discussion
“Motivation”
This Graded Discussion Board will cover first 15 lessons.
Note:
For acquiring the relevant knowledge, do not rely only on handouts but also watch the course video lectures and read additional material available online or in any other mode.
Important Instructions:
- Your discussion must be based on logical facts.
- The GDB will open and close on above specified date and time. Please note that no grace day or extra time will be given for posting comments on GDB.
- Use the font style “Times New Roman” and font size “12”.
- Your answer should be relevant to the topic i.e. clear and concise.
- Do not copy or exchange your answer with other students. Two identical / copied comments will be marked Zero (0) and may damage your grade in the course.
- Books, websites and other reading material may be consulted before posting your comments; but copying or reproducing the text from books, websites and other reading materials is strictly prohibited. Such comments will be marked as Zero (0) even if you provide references.
- You should post your answer on the Graded Discussion Board (GDB), not on the Moderated Discussion Board (MDB). Both will run parallel to each other during the time specified above. Therefore, due care will be needed.
- Obnoxious or ignoble answer should be strictly avoided.
- You cannot participate in the discussion after the due date via email.
- Questions / queries related to the content of the GDB, which may be posted by the students on MDB or via e-mail, will not be replied till the due date of GDB is over.
- For planning your semester activities in an organized manner, you are advised to view schedule of upcoming Assignments, Quizzes and GDBs in the overview tab of the course website on VU-LMS.
Solution:
1. Definition: motivation is a process of arousing and sustaining goal-directed behavior induced by the expectation of satisfying individual needs
2. The motivation process
Unsatisfied need => Tension => Drives => Search Behavior => Satisfied needs => Reduction of tension => New unsatisfied needs
3. Types of theories
(1) Need-based theories
- Maslow's need hierarchy
- McGregor's Theory X and Theory
- Herzberg's two-factor theory
- Alderfer's ERG theory
- McClelland's need theory
(2). Process-based theory
- Equity theory
- Expectancy theory
- Goal-setting theory
- Reinforcement theory:
- Attribution theory
(3) Individual-organizational goal-congruence theories
- Exchange
- Accommodation
- Socialization
- Identification
4. Maslow's Need Hierarchy
(1) A hierarchy of five basic needs
- Physiological needs: hunger, thirst, shelter, sex, and other bodily needs
- Safety needs: security and protection from physical and emotional harm
- Social needs: affection, belongingness, love, acceptance, and friendship.
- Esteem needs: internal esteem (self-respect, autonomy, achievement), and external esteem (status, recognition, attention, power, and face)
- Needs for self-actualization: the drive to best realize one's potential, including potential in personal growth, achievements, and self-fulfillment.
Low-order needs: physiological and safety needs, they are satisfied externally (payment, unions)
High-order needs: social, esteem, and self-actualization needs, they are satisfied internally.
(2). Basic assumptions:
- A substantially satisfied need no longer motivates
- It is the lowest level of ungratified need in the hierarchy that motivates behavior
- As a lower level of need is met, a person moves up to the next level of needs as a source of motivation
(3). The socio-cultural construction of need hierarchy
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